While California has more than 500 public charging stations at parks, malls and grocery stores to serve electric vehicles that rolled out in the last decade, the network is still thin across the rest of the country, forcing drivers like Bernheim to get creative. That may change as charging stations crop up in San Jose, Calif., Seattle and Portland, Ore., to serve early adopters and pave the way for a new breed of mass market plug-in cars. 'Every auto company in the world is developing all-electric or plug-in hybrids,' said Zan Dubin Scott, a spokeswoman for Plug In America, a nonprofit advocacy group for electric car owners. 'The utilities, municipalities and smart business people are seeing that this is the future.' The vast majority of electric vehicle owners charge their cars at home while they sleep, so most trips aren't a problem. But drivers can now plug in -- reservations recommended -- at two park-and-ride lots in King County, which includes Seattle. The county plans to add sockets at three garages under construction. 'We want to make sure we're ahead of the curve in doing what we can to support the use of these vehicles,' said Rochelle Ogershok, a county spokeswoman. In Oregon, Portland General Electric put five free charging stations in downtown Portland, Salem and suburban Lake Oswego and plans to add more. At the end of the year, Coulomb Technologies plans to roll out five curbside charging stations in downtown San Jose that drivers can access through a prepaid plan. The company is working with entities in New York and Florida to do something similar there, president and founder Praveen Mandal said. Palo Alto, Calif.-based Better Place is working with Renault SA to develop charging stations in Israel and Denmark that would work on a paid subscription, said spokeswoman Julie Mullins. In recent months, the smaller cities of Edmonds and Lacey invited drivers to plug in their electric vehicles at free public stations. 'We haven't seen much usage yet, but we wanted to put it out there,' said Graeme Sackrison, mayor of Lacey, a town of 38,000 an hour south of Seattle. 'You have to have the infrastructure in place so people feel comfortable using them.' Street-legal 'neighborhood electric vehicles' that can travel up to 25 mph typically go about 35 to 40 miles on a single charge. Vehicles like the Chevrolet Volt that General Motors Corp. plans to sell in 2010 can travel about 40 miles before the gas engine kicks in. Drivers like Bernheim, whose range is about 25 miles to a charge, has become adept at sweet-talking use of a 110-volt outlet if he needs to travel farther. Once he persuaded a fruit stand owner to let him plug in. He bought $50 of produce there. Bernheim says there are about 30 reliable sites in the Seattle area to plug in. Most are free, some require calling a fellow enthusiast ahead of time. Others charge the same as parking a gas-powered car -- $7 an hour at the downtown Seattle Public Library garage.